CASTE SYSTEM: REFORMIST MOVEMENT
The first important factor nibbling at the root of the caste system was the spread of western education. The British brough with them to India a custeless culture and literature full of thought on individual liberty.
The Indian who studied this literature could
not but be impressed with the progressive ideas of English writers. As a result some Indians like Raja Ram Mohan Ray and Rabindranath Tagore started movements gaming at the brother hood wherein man shall not be divided from man on account of caste. Swami Dayanand preached for the substitution of four fold division of the Hindu society in place of the present manifold ramifications and started an association" Arya Sumaj was in Punjab. In Poona, Jyoti Rao phooley, though a mali by caste and of comparatively little education started the association called the safyashodhak Samaj in 1873 for asserting the worth of main irrespective of caste. He demanded representation for all classes of the Hindus in all the local bodies. The services and institutions and also established a primary school for the socalled untouchables in poona, Mhatma Gandhi, Father of the Nation, made the problem of the removal of untouchability a national one. His name will always be remembered in the history of its abulition.
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